Tie Bars
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Tie bars are either deformed steel bars or connectors used to hold the faces of abutting slabs in contact (AASHTO, 19931). Although they may provide some minimal amount of load transfer, they are not designed to act as load transfer devices and should not be used as such (AASHTO, 19931). Tie bars are typically used at longitudinal joints (see Figure 1) or between an edge joint and a curb or shoulder. Typically, tie bars are about 12.5 mm (0.5 inches) in diameter and between 0.6 and 1.0 m (24 and 40 inches long).

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APA
Pavement Interactive. (2018, September 4). Tie bars. HeadLight. Retrieved [the date you read it], from https://pavementinteractive.org/reference-desk/pavement-types-and-history/pavement-types/tie-bars/
ASCE
Pavement Interactive. (2018). “Tie Bars.” HeadLight, <https://pavementinteractive.org/reference-desk/pavement-types-and-history/pavement-types/tie-bars/> ([the date you read it]).
BibTeX
@misc{pavint-tie-bars,
author = {{Pavement Interactive}},
title = {Tie Bars},
year = {2018},
publisher = {HeadLight},
howpublished = {\url{https://pavementinteractive.org/reference-desk/pavement-types-and-history/pavement-types/tie-bars/}},
note = {Accessed [date]}
}